Surgery For Varus Deformity Of The Lower Leg (Bow Legs)
Surgery for Varus Deformity of the Lower Leg
Varus deformity of the lower leg, commonly referred to as “bow legs,” is characterized by a curvature of the bones in which the knees do not touch even when the legs are fully extended. This condition can occur in both children and adults, but in older patients, it often leads to increased stress on the knees and ankles, causing pain, accelerating joint wear, and limiting physical activity.
Causes and Consequences
Varus deformity can stem from congenital developmental anomalies, the aftermath of injuries, musculoskeletal diseases, or age-related changes in bones and joints. In some cases, the curvature develops so gradually that patients do not notice it until persistent pain or discomfort while walking becomes apparent.
If left uncorrected, the added stress on the inner portion of the knee joint can lead to early-onset osteoarthritis. According to the European Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, around 70% of patients with pronounced varus deformities face a higher risk of degenerative changes in the knee by the age of 50.
When Surgery Is Necessary
Conservative treatments—physiotherapy, orthopedic footwear, and specialized exercises—can be helpful in mild cases. However, for severe curvature and intense pain, surgery is the most effective way to restore proper leg biomechanics and prevent further joint damage.
Surgery is typically recommended if:
- The varus angle exceeds physiological norms.
- Knee or ankle pain is present.
- Mobility is limited, making walking and daily activities challenging.
Modern Correction Methods
One of the most common surgical methods for correcting varus deformity is an osteotomy. During this procedure, the surgeon cuts the bones (usually the tibia) and then fixes them in the new position with metal plates and screws. Different techniques are used depending on individual factors:
- Open-Wedge Osteotomy: A small wedge-shaped space is created in the bone, which is then filled with a bone graft or synthetic material.
- Closing-Wedge Osteotomy: A wedge of bone is removed, after which the edges are brought together and secured.
The surgical approach is chosen based on X-rays, CT scans, and the patient’s specific circumstances. Increasingly, 3D modeling is used for preoperative planning to calculate the precise correction angle.
Rehabilitation and Long-Term Results
Post-surgery, patients are advised to rest, take prescribed painkillers, and use orthoses or supportive bandages. In most cases, light exercises or physiotherapy sessions begin within a few days to improve mobility and blood circulation.
According to leading orthopedic and traumatology associations, about 90% of patients who undergo such interventions report reduced pain and improved knee function one year after surgery. This allows them to return to an active lifestyle, including walking and moderate sports.
Choosing the right clinic and an experienced surgeon involves examining many factors: specialty, successful track record with similar surgeries, and access to advanced equipment. Alisa Health Group streamlines this process by connecting you with vetted professionals and organizing the entire treatment cycle—from initial consultations to the final rehabilitation phase.
- Selecting an Orthopedic Surgeon: We help you find a doctor with years of successful experience in treating varus deformities.
- Travel Arrangements: We handle every detail, from booking flights to translating documents and providing on-site support.
- Postoperative Follow-up: We stay in touch to monitor recovery progress and can arrange remote consultations with the surgeon whenever possible.
Correcting varus deformity in a timely manner not only enhances the appearance of the legs but also preserves joint health, ensuring an active and comfortable life for many years to come.
