Ankle Joint Arthrodesis
Ankle Joint Arthrodesis
Ankle joint arthrodesis is a surgical procedure in which the bony surfaces of the joint are deliberately “fused” together. As a result, a stable, immovable connection is formed, helping to eliminate pain and stabilize the foot. While arthrodesis does mean the joint loses mobility, in severe cases it can be the only option for restoring a patient’s ability to walk without pain.
Main Indications
- Severe osteoarthritis or post-traumatic arthritis, where the cartilage is significantly damaged.
- Chronic instability of the ankle joint that does not respond to conservative treatment.
- Pain that cannot be relieved by other methods (medication, bracing, physical therapy).
According to research published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, more than 80% of patients experience significant pain relief after ankle arthrodesis, leading to a marked improvement in quality of life—especially if other interventions have proven ineffective.
How the Procedure Works
Arthrodesis is commonly performed through either an open surgical approach or minimally invasive techniques (arthroscopic or mini-open procedures). The surgeon’s primary goal is to remove the damaged cartilage, prepare the bone surfaces, and then fix them in the proper position with screws, plates, or pins to ensure successful fusion.
- Preparing the Bony Surfaces: The worn cartilage is removed and the bone edges are smoothed.
- Fixation: Metal hardware is used to secure the joint in the correct alignment.
- Immobilization: A support dressing or brace (and sometimes a cast) is needed post-surgery.
It can take anywhere from 6 to 12 weeks for the bones to fuse completely, depending on factors like age, overall health, and adherence to rehabilitation protocols.
Advantages and Limitations
Pros
- High rate of pain relief.
- Maintains a stable base of support on the foot.
- Suitable for patients with severe destructive changes who are not candidates for—or have not benefited from—joint replacement.
Cons
- Significant loss of ankle mobility, which may alter walking mechanics.
- Increased strain on neighboring joints (such as the subtalar and foot joints), which can lead to wear over time.
Rehabilitation
Recovery from ankle arthrodesis is typically lengthy. Patients are usually advised to:
- Use crutches or special braces initially to reduce stress on the operated leg.
- Undergo physical therapy exercises to strengthen the muscles of the lower leg and restore a more normal gait pattern.
- Attend regular follow-up appointments and undergo imaging (X-ray) to monitor bone healing.
Successful rehabilitation depends largely on how closely patients follow medical advice. Studies suggest that over 90% of individuals who complete a full course of rehabilitation can return to everyday activities, though some lifestyle modifications may be necessary.
Ultimately, choosing the right treatment method should be based on individual indications and a qualified physician’s expert opinion. Modern technologies and surgical techniques offer most patients the opportunity to regain mobility, reduce pain, and return to daily life.
Alisa Health Group is prepared to be your trusted partner in this journey, providing access to cutting-edge medical solutions and comprehensive support. If you have any questions about joint surgery or want to learn more about our services, we are always here and happy to assist you at any stage of your path toward better health.
